Physical Therapy Assistant Practice Exam

Which of the following can lead to thermoregulatory disturbances during exercise?

1. Hypernatremia

2. Hypotension

3. Hypokalemia

4. Hypocalcemia

The correct answer is: Hypokalemia

Thermoregulatory disturbances during exercise are influenced by various electrolyte imbalances, and hypokalemia is particularly relevant in this context. During physical activity, the body generates heat that needs to be dissipated to maintain a stable internal temperature. Potassium plays a crucial role in numerous physiological processes, including muscle contraction and neural function. In cases of hypokalemia, or low levels of potassium in the blood, the body's ability to regulate muscle function is impaired. This can lead to muscle weakness, cramping, and a decrease in exercise capacity, potentially affecting the body's ability to thermoregulate effectively, as the muscles are less capable of functioning optimally to help dissipate heat. Moreover, the cardiovascular system may also be impacted, leading to altered blood flow and heat distribution during exercise. Thus, hypokalemia can indirectly result in thermoregulatory disturbances by affecting muscle performance and the overall capacity to manage body temperature during physical exertion.